There are generally two types of one-way flow cleanrooms.

The suspended pollution generated by personnel and processes can be immediately removed by this air, while the turbulent ventilation system adopts the principle of mixing and dilution. In an empty room without any obstacles, unidirectional flow can quickly remove pollutants with much lower wind speeds than previously mentioned. But in an operating room, the machine and the people walking around it can create obstacles to the airflow.

Obstacles can cause unidirectional flow to become turbulent, forming airflow clusters around the obstacles. The activities of personnel can also cause unidirectional flow to become turbulent. In these turbulent flows, due to lower wind speeds and lower air dilution, the pollution concentration is higher.

Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the wind speed within the range of 0.3 meters/second to 0.5 meters/second (60 feet/minute to 100 feet/minute) in order to quickly recover the interrupted one-way flow and fully dilute the pollution in the turbulent flow area around the obstacle.

Unidirectional flow can be accurately represented by wind speed, as the higher the wind speed, the cleaner the room. The number of air changes per hour is related to the volume of the room, such as the height of the ceiling, so it is not suitable to represent unidirectional flow. The air supply volume in a unidirectional flow chamber is many times that of a turbulent flow chamber (10 to 100 times).

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